Awakenings (1990) is a biographical drama film directed by Penny Marshall, based on the 1973 memoir by neurologist Oliver Sacks. The screenplay was written by Steven Zaillian and features a notable cast, including Robert De Niro as Leonard Lowe and Robin Williams as Dr. Malcolm Sayer, the character based on Sacks himself. The film tells the poignant story of Dr. Sayer, who discovers the potential of the drug L-DOPA to awaken patients who have been in a catatonic state for decades due to an epidemic of encephalitis lethargica that occurred in the early 20th century.
Set in 1969, the film follows Dr. Sayer as he works at a hospital in the Bronx, where he encounters a group of patients who have been left largely unresponsive since their illness. Through careful observation, he realizes that certain stimuli can elicit responses from these patients, leading him to explore the use of L-DOPA, a drug typically used to treat Parkinson's disease. After obtaining permission to administer the drug, Leonard Lowe is chosen as the first patient for this experimental treatment. Remarkably, Leonard awakens from his long-term catatonia and begins to experience life again, leading to a profound transformation.
As Leonard adjusts to his newfound freedom, he develops a romantic interest in Paula (Penelope Ann Miller), the daughter of another patient. However, as the effects of L-DOPA begin to wane, Leonard and other patients face the harsh reality that their awakenings are temporary. The film poignantly explores themes of hope, loss, and the human spirit's resilience in the face of adversity. Leonard's journey is marked by moments of joy and heartbreak as he grapples with his condition and the limitations imposed by his illness.
Awakenings received critical acclaim upon its release on December 12, 1990, grossing over $108 million against a budget of $29 million. It was nominated for three Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Actor for De Niro, and Best Adapted Screenplay. Critics praised the film for its emotional depth and powerful performances, particularly highlighting De Niro's portrayal of Leonard as both moving and nuanced.
The film ultimately serves as a meditation on what it means to be alive and aware, raising questions about identity and existence. Through Dr. Sayer's efforts and Leonard's experiences, Awakenings offers a profound exploration of human connection and the fragility of life, leaving audiences with a lasting impression of courage and compassion amidst suffering.